Choosing The Best Fish Tank Filter: A Comprehensive Guide

The filter is a crucial element for a fish tank‘s success as they support maintaining water quality and fish health. Because there are numerous varieties of filters on the market, each with advantages and disadvantages, it can be difficult to choose the best filter, especially for new fishkeepers. There are many different types of filters available for fish tanks, each with different functionalities for different needs.

What To Consider When Buying A Fish Tank Filter

One of the most important factors to consider when buying a fish tank is the type of filter needed. The filter is essential in maintaining a healthy and clean environment for your fish to thrive in. 

Size of Aquarium

The type and size of filter needed will depend greatly on the size of your aquarium. Filters with higher flow rates are required for larger aquariums in order to maintain proper water circulation and avoid debris accumulation. Smaller tanks may only need smaller filters with lower flow rates.

Type of Fish

Fish of various species require various levels of filtration. Fish that produce more waste than others need more powerful filtration systems. Additionally, some fish require particular filtration techniques, such as those that need a particular pH level or water flow rates. For example, betta fish require filters with low flow rates. It’s crucial to learn about the filtration needs of the fish you intend to keep in your tank.

Filtration Needs

Mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration processes are the three main categories to take into account when choosing a filter. Chemical filtration eliminates impurities like chlorine, biological filtration eliminates dangerous bacteria, and mechanical filtration removes debris from the water. You might require a filter that performs all three types of filtration or one that focuses on a single type, depending on your fish’s requirements.

Canister Filters

Canister filters are external filters, in a cylindrical or rectangular container. These filters are efficient and effective in removing impurities because they can purify a high volume of water, quickly. 

Pros and Cons of Canister Filters

Pros:

• Highly efficient mechanical and biological filtration, great for fish with high bioloads.
• Versatile and can be used in aquariums of various sizes and types, including both freshwater and saltwater tanks.
• Easy to customize with different types of filter media to meet specific filtration needs.
• Easy to hide from view.
• Easy to maintain, as the filter media can be easily replaced or cleaned.

Cons:

• Expensive compared to other types of filters.
• Bulky and take up space below the aquarium.
• Difficult to install, requiring the use of hoses and fittings.
• Noisy if not properly maintained, as air bubbles can get trapped in the hoses and cause a humming sound.
• Require periodic maintenance to prevent clogging and ensure proper filtration, which can be time-consuming.

When to Choose a Canister Filter

Canister filters are ideal for those with large aquariums because they can handle a lot of water and effective filtration. Similarly, if your aquarium has a lot of fish in it, a canister filter can offer the filtration your aquatic animals need to stay healthy. If you have specialized filtration needs, canister filters can be made to order with various types of filter media to satisfy needs for specialized filtration. Finally, canister filters offer a gentle, constant water flow that doesn’t disturb delicate fish species.

Top-Rated Canister Filters

10/15/2024 02:55 pm GMT

Hang-On-Back Filters

A hang-on-back filter, also known as a HOB filter, is a type of aquarium filter that hangs on the back of the tank, mounted using a bracket or clip.

Pros and Cons of Hang-On-Back Filters

Pros:

• Easy to install.
• Affordable.
• Compact.
• Easy to maintain.
• Provides mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration.

Cons:

• Limited aquarium size.
• Water flow can be too strong.
• Noisy, especially if not properly maintained.
• May require frequent cleaning.
• Visible in the aquarium.

When to Choose a Hang-On-Back Filter

Hang-on-back filters are generally best suited for small to medium-sized aquariums up to 75 gallons with a small number of fish or plants. They’re an excellent choice for beginners or those who prefer a simple, cost-effective, and easy-to-install filtration system.

Top-Rated Hang-On-Back Filters

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Internal Filters

Internal filters fit inside the aquarium, completely submerged in the water and are frequently fastened to the glass with clips or suction cups. 

Pros and Cons of Internal Filters

Pros:

• Easy to install.
• Cost-effective.
• Space-saving.
• Provides mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration.

Cons:

• Limited filtration capacity.
• May require frequent cleaning.
• Can be noisy.
• Water flow can be too strong.

When to Choose an Internal Filter

An internal filter is an excellent choice for beginner fishkeepers or those on a tight budget because they’re cost-effective. It can be easily installed and maintained, and offers mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration. Internal filters are also appropriate for aquariums with restricted space because of how little space they occupy.

Because internal filters might not offer enough filtration capacity, however, they might not be appropriate for larger aquariums or aquariums with high biological loads.

Top-Rated Internal Filters

10/15/2024 05:01 pm GMT

Sponge Filters

Sponge filters filter water mechanically and biologically using a porous sponge inserted into a tube or cylinder. Water flows through the sponge in a gentle flow, suitable for small or delicate fish. Normally, sponge filters are placed at the bottom of the aquarium or suction-mounted to the side of the tank. 

Pros and Cons of Sponge Filters

Pros:

• Gentle water flow.
• Mechanical and biological filtration.
• Easy to maintain.
• Cost-effective.
• Safe for fry and shrimp.

Cons:

• Limited filtration capacity.
• Not suitable for high bioloads.
• May need frequent cleaning.
• Not aesthetically pleasing.

When to Choose a Sponge Filter

Sponge filters are a fantastic option for smaller aquariums (up to 30 gallons) with moderate bioloads, delicate fish species, and space constraints. They work well in aquariums for shrimp or fry. 

Top-Rated Sponge Filters

10/15/2024 12:09 pm GMT

Power Filters

A power filter hangs off the tank’s bank, where they draw water up a tube and into the filter. A waterfall-style overflow or a spray bar then returns the filtered water to the tank.

Pros and Cons of Power Filters

Pros:

• Effective filtration.
• Customizable, with the ability to add additional filter media or adjust the water flow rate.
• Easy to use.
• Versatile,  available in a variety of sizes and flow rates.
• Affordable.

Cons:

• Noisy.
• Take up space: require space behind the aquarium to hang the filter.
• Limited filtration capacity: may not be suitable for very large aquariums or aquariums with high bioloads.
• Require regular maintenance.

When to Choose the Power Filter

Power filters are a good option for small to medium-sized tanks because they’re best suited for aquariums up to 75 gallons. Due to their simplicity of use and upkeep, power filters are a great option for beginners.

Top-Rated Power Filters

10/15/2024 06:45 pm GMT

What Is the Best Type of Filter for a Fish Tank?

The best type of filter for a fish tank is a canister filter. It’s highly effective in filtration in both saltwater and freshwater, large and small tanks, and tanks with high and low bioload. If you’re willing to deal with the initial cost and setup of the canister filter, you’ll be set up for success. 

How Often Should You Change the Filter in a Fish Tank?

You should clean your fish tank filter every 2-4 weeks, depending on the size of your aquarium, the type of filter you have, and the number of fish and other inhabitants in your tank. Your aquarium water will stay clean and healthy for your fish and other aquatic pets if your filter is regularly cleaned and maintained.

How Do You Clean a Fish Tank Filter?

1. Turn the filter off and unplug it from the power source before cleaning it.
2. Remove the filter media, including the mechanical, chemical, and biological media by opening the filter.
3. Rinse the media in a bucket of aquarium water.
4. Clean the filter housing using a soft brush or sponge to get rid of any dirt or debris that may have accumulated.
5. Once the filter housing and media have been cleaned, reassemble the filter and place the media in the proper compartments.
6. Fill the filter with aquarium water to completely fill the filter.
7. Reconnect the filter‘s power cord and turn it on.
8. Check the water flow and adjust it as necessary.

👉 Check out our full guide to find out how often to clean your filter and detailed instructions.

Tips For Maintaining Your Fish Tank Filter

• Clean your filter frequently to keep it working properly.
• To ensure optimal filtration, change the mechanical, chemical, and biological media occassionally because it may lose efficiency due to clogging with debris over time.
• Check the water flow from your filter frequently to make sure it is not too strong or too weak. The flow rate needs to be sufficient to keep the water moving without disturbing the fish or other aquatic animals housed in the tank.
• Keep the filter moist: If the filter needs to be cleaned, make sure to keep the filter media and housing moist to prevent killing the helpful bacteria that aid in waste breakdown and water quality maintenance.
• Check for leaks: To make sure that water is not leaking from the filter or returning into the tank, frequently look for leaks in the tubing or filter.

How To Troubleshoot Common Fish Tank Filter Issues

Noisy Filters:

• Check the water level: If the tank’s water level is too low, the filter may start to make noise. Verify that there’s enough water in the tank to cover the filter intake.
• Clean the impeller: The impeller can become clogged with dirt and debris and start to make noise. 
• Check for air bubbles: make sure the filter is properly sealed and check the tubing for any air leaks.

Leaking Filters:

• Verify for any damage or cracks in the filter housing  and replace if there is any damage.
• Examine the O-rings: over time, the O-rings in the filter can wear out and start to leak. If necessary, swap out the O-rings.
• Examine the tubing: make sure the tubing is connected and tightened correctly. Leaks can result from loose connections.

Filters Not Working:

• Verify the power source to make sure the outlet is functional and that the filter is plugged in correctly. To see if the filter works, try plugging it into a different outlet.
• Check the impeller: A dirty or clogged impeller can prevent the filter from functioning. To clean the impeller and get rid of any dirt, remove it.
• Inspect the filter for air bubbles because they can prevent it from functioning. Make sure the filter is properly sealed and check the tubing for any air leaks.

Which Filter is Best For You?

The best filter for your aquarium should have the features that suit the fish, aquarium size, and filtration needs, and your own preference. To guarantee the filter‘s durability and effectiveness, proper maintenance is essential. Your fish tank can become a thriving aquatic ecosystem with the right filter and regular upkeep.